In and of the Movement: Student Visions of Justice, Then & Now

00. 00.

11.

Well, we’re going to get started.

My name is Mark ten junior scholar here at the Asian Pacific American Institute and why you And on behalf of everyone here here I want to thank you all for joining us tonight.

So I want to start by thanking E P, A first for buying us this opportunity to come together tonight, as well as to our co.

Sponsor is the center for multicultural education, programs and Ridge, So we’re, we’re in the midst of an exciting and urgent time, first student activism, here at N Y: U and really across the country and for me as an alumnus of N Y.

U and a former student organizer here I really couldn’t be more thrilled to see the way that current students student leaders are pushing our university to fundamentally reapproach its policies and culture to better meet the needs of historically excluded under served and under represented student Communities, 00, 01.

11.

So in in curating this program, I had the chance to visit the university archives files on student activism, looking through student publications, flyers and political propaganda dating back to the one nine hundred sixty S And this.

These visits to that are perhaps provide me with the storable scope of student organizing here, and why is that? I never really have when I was a student 00 01 35 And it struck me how quickly campus movements fade from memory and how quickly institutional changes that come out of student demands Quickly become sort of taken for granted. Simply the way things are, for instance, I wonder how many students today know that the institute itself, as well as the A P A studies program, came out of student organizing efforts in the ranking? 00.

01.

59.

I worry the This lack of institutional student memory can make students forget the power and the agency that they hold over this space and the fact that institutional shifts here and why you and I have almost always been inactive through the blood, sweat and tears of student Leaders, so I’m really excited that our participants tonight have such a diverse range of experiences and expertise and even then still represent just a small cross section of the movements that are taking root on our campus.

It’s my hope that Snipes program can play a small role in building our collective memory of student radicalism here and why you, as well as our visions for the future and our strategies for getting there 00 02 43, So that I’m really happy To turn it over to our operator for this evening, Richard boy who comes to us with decades of experience as an educator administrator and a strong supporter of under represented students and Social Justice at N Y? U and beyond so Rick has served as an assistant dean at Yale University where the coalition of student activists he founded and director of the Native American cultural center and the Tina cultural center.

He also directed N Y.

U Center for multicultural educational programs from two thousand and seven to two thousand and eleven and Kony continues to serve as a community advisor to numerous student organizations here, and why are you, including the Native American and Indigenous students, 00, 03.

26.

Today he works as an educational consultant and social activist with organizations such as the American Indian community house, United Nations, permanent forum on Indigenous issues, the Native American yellow alumni and the American Indian Alliance, who’s join me and they’re welcoming Richard via.

Thank you. Thank you marking the has got a picture.

Thank you so that you could lose them so 00.

03.

55.

I I want to mention that it’s always a little peculiar.

When I come back there thinking, I’m invited back to where you quite a bit, which is nice.

I did work here.

It was director of the West, see me up there circles, which occasion programs I mean since that time.

I’ve just really been blessed to stay in contact with a lot of a lot of people here at The Hague, where you see it’s really extraordinary community in many ways: 00.

04. 18.

So we’re pretty resistant to changes in some ways.

As people probably have there’s there’s, things that you definitely can you can push in there’s, things that are not as welcome to be pushed and in which case it presents Sometimes no matter where you’re, coming from with your student Year administrator faculty, there are some risks involved and that’s, one of things about being radical being an activist being, in my case, a warrior.

I’m a part of a part of my nation, which is the communication I’m from the sample School Band of Mission Indians in California, and so you know there’s something to be said about about.

You know making sure that we really do 00, 04 55 As organizers as activists as as – and I consider myself in that in that pool of people, even my age believe or not.

I am in fact an elder and older, but but we continue going, which is part part of my my short remarks before we start, and one is that sometimes they’ll be a perception.

00, 05, 13 And people even make comments that make us believe that they either activism was a certain era or in some ways it’s, not continuous that there’s not some sort of line of legacy.

That kind of continues from America era, but there isn’t back there.

There is very much that, and we’re all part of that I mean I know from my own life experiences when I started in college in the seventy’s I wasn’t back to student activists believe it or not.

I was a student when one time in my life at that time there were a myriad issues that we were dealing with, not the least of which was divestment from South Africa, which was of course a 00 05 50 State. That still, you know, for horrible reasons, instituted apartheid, and there are also all kinds of local things going on in Boston.

At the time when I was going to school there, that we were there will all recognize is happening happening here, including gentrification, including labor issues in anti labor issues.

I should say, and also to the things are going on in Boston that universes reply actually part of, and so we are making sure that at the very least, universities help themselves responsible in those ways, as well as the larger community.

So I 00 06.

18.

No from that period I’m already into the early eighty’s when I was in graduate school when supposedly that was when there was no student activism going on right, because Reagan was in power, but the average that was not the case.

You know there was still activism going on and we’re still fighting all sorts of fights.

There was you know, intervention led them all over Latin America to support dictatorships, and we were on the front lines of students trying to stop that from going on right, including a chip I made to make it.

I was not that I was actually sold on the side of the east is, but at the very least they were anti colonial.

They were taking a stand against the US as a colonial power. So I want to know what was going on there.

I mean.

I also visited indigenous groups when I was down the mosquito and other people who were in the get out.

So you know that continued through, even that when I would consider some of the darkest days of American history when I, when Reagan was in power, he continued all through the ninety’s and so on and so forth.

And then, when I became a professional at the various universities I was at, it was always.

There was always a wealth of incredible student activists, doing all kinds of things, and I was honored and privileged to be a part of those activists, movements and working with students which oftentimes would get me in trouble.

There’s, no question about it.

It is your career, you know, 00 07 26 Is impacted by the way you were involved.

As a minister as a fact, the person is just a professional on a college campus with student activism, but it does it doesn’t it.

Shouldn’t stop any of us right, because the students where we are professional lives and where we are in the world, we’re, going to continue our entire lives to be activists, and we want to be able to do that. We want to know that that’s that’s part of the legacy that that continues on to this very day and we’re going.

We’re all I’m sure very proud and looking forward to those you know to those days.

We carry on the work that we do as everybody here has their professions now doing at that very work.

So 00, 08 02.

It’s great to be here and – and I think you all for you know for for coming in and being part of what continues to be my support network in the work that I do with.

That said, we’re going to start our panel and I think Marc which pretty are to come up or just each each person wanted time all right all right, so they’ll be right on the hot seat.

Ok, All right! So we’re starting in order, as it says in the program, so one man – well, I don’t kind of I’ll be starting our panel discussion.

Thank you one.

00.

08. 36.

So the first thing I want to iterate is that this is not the first demands list like at N Y.

U So, as we know, as we just said soon, activity has existed and were used since the one nine hundred, sixty S right and these three efforts have always been intersection on, have always come from a wide variety of sources.

There’s been poor white movement.

There’s been immigration movements; there,’s been native indigenous movement.

There,’s been Latino activism, Asian activism, black actors on campus.

There’s always been activism at N Y.

U we’ve, never gone through a dry period, but there have been particular moments that all these separate groups that are separately doing their own thing on campus have managed to come together.

00 09 18 In some way shape or form to create something meaningful with the intent of changing the institution.

So the first demands list that was made at N Y. U, as far as I’ve, been able to find within the archives and within the memory of some administrator is, is in one nine hundred sixty five, the students for a democratic society, which is a national organization of new leftists created the demands list to try To increase the number of minority in Marja, like representation within and where you specifically Latino Asian black and poor white, to have greater access and where you, due to an increase in 00, 09 54 Tuition of that year.

And while the organising itself was had a lot of variety of members, I wouldn’t accurately describe S D S and its individual university based chapters as truly intersectional in one thousand.

Sixty eight was the assassination of Martin Luther King.

That’s part of a very intense movement on campus so and when you, when Columbia, were kind of like the two focuses within the years, 00 10 18 City Columbia University had inning credibly intense with all the student riot within its campus.

It started as a protest outside of the office of the president and that of taking over the whole building kicking out the president and holding some administrators hostage, for I believe it was two days and why you, on the other hand, did not go that route.

So the demands, as I was composing once in sixty eight – was by the black Americans in association this one’s, We’re going to go society again.

This is a nonviolent Corney Committee and the committee to end the war in Vietnam.

So this demands list requested a more like a varied demands of the university to divest from the war in Vietnam to increase minorities, to decrease the tuition or free tuition.

00.

11. 01.

Pretty much the same things that we continuously ask for.

Additionally, in one thousand nine hundred sixty eight the Peace and Freedom Party, which was for all intensive purposes, a sort of undergrad version of the Black Panther Party in New York City.

They actually gained fifteen out of the sixteen student government seats that were president and what you this gave them the authority in the power to create what is now the Martin Luther King Scholars program, from which a variety of clubs, organizations and scholars have been created, and What you feel like a Scholars program is very has a very long history in terms of creating change on cap is in terms of directly and what its products have managed to create.

Nine hundred.

Seventy three was the radical coalition, So this marks both the end of a certain period, as you can see, and also marks what is historical at N Y? U So the radical coalition was basically as many as the organizations that existed on campus, as you can imagine, but things were divided.

So, on the one hand, you had people who still remembered what was known as the John hatchet affair, where the office of African are going to fairs has was shut down by the university and the director.

At the time, John hatchet, the man who was named had been declared in antics 00 12 18.

My and he was also anti nexus of the federal government, something against him and it really divided the student body This this cause kind of like what I would consider to be a sad legacy where you were student organizations and during conflict with each other and kind Of prevent from sustainable institutional change from occurring 00 12 38 Fast forward a number of years, and we have to take back in what you attempts.

This was a group of students on where you were a bit more radical. They tried to take over Kimmel Center barricaded themselves with the chairs and tables, and the senior administration was actually inside the building during the takeover, So that was an interesting dynamic, but basically the demands.

None of them really meant that I had two women where you went.

Twenty thirteen had another list of demands, they say the same ones and in twenty fifteen over the course of the fall semester, like the wrong question, got together and created a very intense thirty one point list of demands, so I said to them as it was made Over the course of the 00 13 22 Twenty fifteen semester between November seventeenth, which was the emergency blockade on coalition meeting in the evening to January eleventh, which was the day we sent out a list of demands to the office of the president and all senior administration And the board of trustees, the demands come in kind of four general sources.

There are some longstanding and preexisting demands which have been around, as I said for decades, so freezing tuitions are decreasing to which increasing scholarship, increasing minority involvement increasing this decreasing that these demands are things that N Y.

U Has been bad student of us haven,’t.

We for a very long time, other more specific demands.

It’s the creation of the Native American engine, the studies program like a major minor somewhere within and what you has been asked for for now, ten to fifteen years, if not more, and likewise other student organizations such as divest, have in some way shape or Form these divest demands have always existed within and where you, over the course of the decades, there are demands from the general stream bodies.

These have to be translated into something more tangible.

So, for example, if one of the main demands that was given to the P S: U Was an increasing of the black student body by experts and if it were X, 00 14 32 time, which is calming a lot of the other demands in the country.

The demands Committee took another route to it and said and said that we need to increase recruitment from Title one high schools, because we realize that there’s an such anality between People who are underprivileged within and under represented demographics. So not only just increase the number of Latinos, because that was a struggle, so the number of Latinos have increased meaningfully in the past ten fifteen years, but it’s been a lot of Latinos who have a lot of privilege a lot of money.

A lot of access to power already, then we have demands from students within organizations, as I mentioned, and these organizations are both new and young.

So there’s a wide variety of mixes, and then there were some demands that were just outright created by the demands committee, the example of which 00 15 18.

It would be the creation of an executive vice president of diversity, equity and inclusion, for example.

Just so that there is someone within the office of the president, that would oversee these things: The categories of the demands that were five.

So there was university structure.

So, for example, the E V P position you just mentioned.

This structure is basically how we can tell whether university prioritizes questions of diversity.

Inclusion, equity, 00.

15. 44.

If you don’t have a high ranking position that can oversee the university and check the university when they’re messing up, Then you’re not prioritizing at all University actually coincides with this.

If you have someone who is a senior administrator, but they don’t do anything that’s also not good enough.

00.

16.

03.

If you don’t have supporters who are organizations and you let groups like the Native American club die and then for it to be revived in the early two thousand.

The West Indian club die and then have to be revived in the Caribbean, soon Association.

So on and so forth, that means they’re, not prioritizing the actual student lived experience and the sake of their communities, and then there’s the more general.

Some of the experience was not actively involved in this activism. Work in this discourse.

In this fight against some power and just like whether they face macro aggressions on the daily, whether to know how to handle racism, the classroom, 00, 16, 35 And then this university reputation and legacy the most easy example of this is the boast was an anti semite.

He was a Nazi.

He was very, very adamant about taking out the Jews from the United States And that’s unacceptable for and where you hold us.

It’s like a seed for our university library to be named after Nazi.

So, as I mentioned, has been a lot of shows and has students right, so the one thousand nine hundred seventy S – 00.

17.

02.

There were all these different identity, blood density clubs specifically for blacking out you know, groups so luge, For example.

Today. Is that the you know when needles can rename the stuff that Venus united with honor and friendship right well back in the day when it was first made in one thousand some to one? It was the League of United cooperative Hispanic Americans.

The distinction between Hispanic American and Latino is a shift of focus.

You’re moving the center from the narrative of a Hispanic diaspora, which traditionally is a temp to reach for power to a Latino identity, which is contextualizing yourself against US imperialism.

Then you have 00 17 45, The west and there’s an association.

I mentioned the African Students Association, the Congress of Racial Equality, the Peace and Freedom Party, all these different groups on campus that were expressing a different form of black and African Diaspora nationalism.

On campus, Then, for the past thirty years we have a lot of separate groups.

Come from basically realizing that the Union was not enough to 00 18 08 Reach their needs, so they had to create their own organizations.

So the Union was originally called the gay people -‘s Union, which was quickly change soon after, for hopefully obvious reasons And the Union over the past, thirty years has been able to expand into, I believe, nine or ten different clubs with a variety of different identities.

So there’s a sexual zone and they romantics there’s a square chance.

People of color. There is 00 18 33.

A number of other groups like chemicals very popular on campus as well.

So this coincides with the question of intersectionality.

So, as I mentioned, she was born both because the Korean was simply not enough to meet each match the needs of the growing chance people of color and likewise B S.

U was a very heterosexual environment that was not able to really 00 18 56 Help and Support the Grinch opportunity within blackness.

So in the early two thousand Shades was born basically to address the specific problem of lack of intersectionality.

Then there’s been a difficulty of uniting, for example, all the Asian organizations on campus so so far times that I’ve been made aware of.

This has been attempts to unite West Asian identity, East Asian identity, South Asian identity, Pacific Islander and fifty, or even just trying to get a general Asian coalition established and it’s been very difficult for a variety of reasons.

So some groups, for example, are focused on 00, 19, 36 Kind of like the specific nationality and other groups, or focus within diaspora and there’s a big division and rift there.

I love the identity. Politics are always ahead, so blue chip is the oldest that you know put on campus, and that is a very general ethnic like if you just identify that you know you can come through, but under There’s a lot of nationality clubs that’s, the Main aim for that’s, the main access by which Latinos the writers on campus Byron, nationality.

There are no afterlife, you know, clubs and there are no in the Latino clubs and there there’s a lot of mystics.

I have politics that are involved within the nationality clubs and who is represented at the Louis board, so it’s very, very complicated, 00.

20.

20.

So how we got to where we are is basically playing into this very complex dynamic of identity politics at N Y? U, who is represented where who gets access to power? Who is prioritizing what spaces? So when the task force, for example, over the course of a lesson muster with the push of B, B C, with the extreme student, 00, 20 41 Expression of Frustration misery at the coals for Aung they push for the creation of this university senate task force.

Right.

So whenever they were trying to think about what this task force would be charged with Their The thing it having thrown around was, this is going to be focused on racial identity, 00, 21, 02, And a lot of us who were who had heard this pushback against Initiation said absolutely not: it cannot be focused exclusively on racial identity and then will concern ourselves with questions of gender sexuality.

With questions of class, with questions of religion at a later date that’s just simply unacceptable.

This goes into questions of diverse and inclusion versus equity and justice. So once upon a time in the ninety’s and early, two thousand multiculturalism was kind of like the push of discourse all over the university.

And now we’ve moved away from that and we’re now in an era of where diversity and inclusion is kind of the Sake, monic force everywhere.

The way I interpret it – and I might be in the minority here, but diversity is basically bodies in a room.

Inclusion is whether those bodies have access to power, but it doesn’t really address questions of equity and justice, whether they’re able to access power in the same way whether 00, 21 52 Things are normalized in such a way that, Like this is true Equity and justice, Then there’s a complex of how to go about this.

So you can play politics and go to the university senate and go to the Senate Council and go to this council and that council talk to this mystery about administrator and play politics by that way, then there’s the method of really just causing a storm At the university create a scandal in housing or to be forced to react or risk its reputation, and that is a strategy of shame and guilt.

So if you told the university, for example like pay your labors and therefore not see how you feel about that, they’re kind of forced into a situation, you can’t avoid that you can ignore and say well, you know back in the day.

No, it was not acceptable.

00.

22.

32. So this dynamic in that about the university being kind of everyone had to play their own separate role like some overseers, were more radical than others.

Some arsons play more politics than others and in my opinion it was a.

It was a complex, this complexity of forces that managed to get us where we are 00, 22, 50, Altruism and sacrifice versus self care is a big problem, though, within the Sunni leaders, where we have a half a list In leaders who are basically giving an excessive Amount of time of effort of dedication to organizing groups and to the detriment of our health.

So, for example, one of my friends lost a mostly in the are having to be institutionalized, because this everything just got too much for her and she just couldn’t sustain herself at the university anymore, 00, 23, 20.

So self care is a big problem in your city and if you look at the records that’s kind of been recurring and then there’s a question of demagogue of us all of our papers at the markers you push the centralization.

So we’ve got a lot of complaints where demagoguing is kind of what we’re doing, supposedly, where we’re just listening to the student body and we’re just doing what they want.

I think that’s a horrible production and completely vulgar, but it’s a criticism that we hear a lot, that there’s a question of all or do you wear for a lot of organizations? They’ve inherited the power 00 23 53, Which in turn is a problem because it doesn’t really reach the question of equity, But then organisations when they get to a democratic habitants it to be taken over by certain factions.

Sometimes so we have to be careful about how who we allow into the space if it’s safe or not, and the question be some solicitations important, because while the centralization might help sustainability in the long term or in the short term, it can make things A bit chaotic that makes it on able to be organized so that space.

This right here is basically an outline of what’s happened over the course a semester in short, 00, 24 33.

But in terms of specific specifically, what the university has responded to the list of demands, how will turn responded with a very short and brief me? I pulled on behalf of himself personally The chair of the board of trustees. He was not speaking as the president of the university and he was not speaking as a board of trustees, so this to me is simply not enough that we’ve been pushing for the user to actually respond to the demands and for them to promise to Act upon them and we’ve been doing so by every means possible.

00.

25.

04.

Thank you.

Thank me, sir.

At this next Mine’s a little bit more visual.

You don’t need to look at me Here.

I’m printing explain So my name is Amy sack and I’m an archivist and I’m going to share with you some highlights of a web exhibition that I actually put together about twenty years ago.

00. 25.

36 On the student protest movement that, in my view, in the late, sixty’s and early seventy’s so that about twenty years ago I was a grad student here at MIT, and I was working in the archives and at the Internet was pretty new.

In fact, we barely had a web presence, but we were very excited about the new technology: 00, 25, 57 And hopefully I know now Mark and knows of the N Y.

U Preserves not only the history of the institution, its administration, the faculty, the students, but it really is a vital.

It preserves a vital aspect of cultural heritage and it has a really meaningful impact on those who experience sort of cereals.

If you will 00 26 24 – In any case, the documentary images in the ephemera that really we have on student activism in the late sixty’s provided a really great historical insight into certain aspects of student life at N Y.

U at that time and we really wanted a greater exposure of these materials because they really revealed just so much about the culture and they were just terrific, so it thankfully the Internet came along at just the right movement and provided the great opportunity.

I invite you all to visit the site, since I’m only going to highlight some brief aspects of it, but keep in mind it’s a product of its time.

It’s very primitive.

I literally keyed in all the text. I’m X, T M L, tags 00, 27, 10 And there were no sophisticated programs to do it at the time and because graphic or was really in its infancy.

I actually ended up drawing most of the illustrations.

So, having said that, the content is really what you should concentrate on, let’s say So.

The unrest of the late sixty’s and larger society was reflected on college and university campuses really across the nation dissatisfaction over racial injustice, poverty pollution and specifically the Vietnam War, led to widespread discontent and frustration among young people.

In particular, scenes of unrest, rebellion disruptions, protests, bomb threats, building occupations, property destruction, describe student actions on college and university campuses throughout the country, 00, 28.

08.

The listing of examples could go on and on, but the classic revolution Is considered.

The classic revolution occurred at the University of California Berkeley in one nine hundred, sixty four, which is up in the upper Right hand, corner Columbia, University, which was heard two or Mark Back in one nine hundred sixty eight in which the buildings were occupied and they took The administrators captive and then, of course, the terrible killings at Kent State in one nine hundred, seventy and Jackson State College in Mississippi in one thousand.

Sixty These schools are kind of emblematic of the student protests of that air, but really like I said it was happening.

All over throughout the country of private schools, of public schools, small colleges, large universities, a Procul and even secular schools, as Rick was saying, you know, you could really draw a line: 00. 29, 03 Because it didn’t just start here I mean it goes back to the beginning of of of colleges and universities, or it goes back.

You know, in fact I’m up at Manhattan College, which is a small Catholic school, and I was just doing some research on a protest movement from one thousand nine in which – and it was like a seminary back then for the Catholic Church and the students Protested, an unfair 00 29 27 Policy of the administration and they got the president Basically thrown out so so again the threat is, you know you can draw a line between it.

Some consider the student revolts of this particular time, Particularly those that included violence and destruction.

As a real threat to society, so much so that President Nixon, he put together a commission on campus unrest, calling for this sort of reconciliation between what was considered two cultures, the student culture and sort of the adult 00 30 08.

The Utah culture for lack of better term In New York state in particular Governor Rockefeller, signed a law requiring institutions of higher ed to adopt rules for maintenance of public order on campus and to provide a program of enforcement, including specific penalties.

Hargreave that this is essentially N Y Use policy for dealing with student protesters.

00.

30 34.

Some consider the student revolt, particularly those that included violence a week or so sorry, so, N Y.

U, during the one nine hundred sixty S was an important site to radicalism. A part of the bomb that they found, One of the bill That would have been written As one was talking about and why you produced some pretty revolutionary protest groups and I’m only going to name a few If you go to the website, but also With really expanded on 00 31 11 For democratic society, which again he talked about, was a national organization.

You know it criticized American society for its materialism, its economic imperialism, but it really became a voice for the anti war movement.

It was considered perhaps the largest and most infamous student radical organization in the one, nine hundred sixty S 00 31 33, and what used branch was established in one nine hundred sixty five.

There was the peace and freedom part Which called for the I’m.

A media withdrawal from Vietnam and support of black liberation and democratization of the university governance And then the sort of less political and more hedonistic, independent radicals, whose protest method was the freakin.

It was sort of a festive recreational gathering of students on university grounds gathered to drink jugs of wine, listen to rock music and smoke copious amounts of marijuana, 00, 32, 16 Campus radicalism and what you is largely motivated, as I said, by opposition to the war in Vietnam, by civil rights and by the policies of the university itself, apart from the routine trashing of the our O T C offices and bookstore sit ins and demonstrations.

There were some highly organized and effective campus protests.

00.

32.

40. A great majority of the students opposed the war, believing it to be immoral and wrong, and consequently, consequently, they oppose the policies and practices that supported the war from the draft to military research from R O T C to The recruitment of the defense industry.

Notable protest movements included the one nine hundred sixty five teach in it,’s, notable because it’s, probably one of the first ever teach ins at a college institution, and it really inspired a fundamental discussion about the war and really it occurred before Americans had Well, publicly troops on the ground.

In Vietnam, 00 33 23 Students protested by walking out during commencement in one nine hundred sixty seven, when An honorary award was given to the Secretary of Defense, Robert McNamara, Also, students were organized with more national.

There were marches on Washington that were put together in buses, went down for Washington Square Park.

00.

33.

52.

This is a great line of Washington Square Park, One of my favorite one.

It gives you both perspective.

You can see Justin here on the archway there. Actually, just in church was really the basement of just just.

Some real church was really where lots of groups gathered and where they really organized a lot of their efforts.

Perhaps the more ugly Chey rest an affair of nine hundred, sixty eight in which the South Vietnamese observer to the? U N Was pelted with A and three and it’s off the cuff by members of the N Y.

U Estie you well giving a speech at N Y.

U student, center, 00, 34.

36.

Well.

Rest in James Reston was the senior executive for the New York Times.

Who was also there to speak? Naturally, the times reacted to it, but it really sort of You know.

While the views in the opinions of speakers were perhaps in opposition to many of the anti war demonstrators, you know interrupting and preventing free speech was not only hostile. It kind of went against the principles of diversity and tolerance that were really what the protesters were.

00.

35 06 Move on quickly.

Another major major issue was the unfulfilled promise of full justice and dignity for students of color students demanded full social justice, an end to racism in all its human, social and cultural forms.

In one thousand, nine hundred eighty nine demonstrators called for open admission to the university for black Hispanic that’s, what it was called him and why you were that was not allowed Tina White working class high school seniors, regardless of their qualifications.

00, 35 38 Students rank Asians for the Black Panther R D.

I’ll.

Let you read about it, But In fact the program cover features, a tactic that students used to garner support and resources for the Black Panthers.

To have to be fair, which one referred to John Hatchett was fired.

He had been appointed head of the newly created Martin Luther King Jr African American Center. He was fired for the controversial opinions that he held again.

As Juan said, it was really.

It was too bad in that the students were really in opposition to one another.

It.

The issue became about race, but it was really about academic freedom, 00, 36, 24 And students occupied Kimbo hall and some set fire to the Eisner movement on Tory Monell exist anymore, but ultimately it was all Finally – and I have another major target soon activism was the Shortcomings of the university itself, the goals, the values of the administration, the curriculum were sharply criticized by the student body.

Students complained that the courses were irrelevant to social problems and concerns.

You know there was a greater desire for freedom to shape their own personal course of study.

This is really when the sort of the whole electives started becoming really popular in college and university campuses for was a lot more targeted curriculum of study.

That student wanted more say and they felt the university was restrictive in impersonal, 00.

37 17. They denounce the university’s relationship to the war and its discriminatory discriminatory racial practices.

There were two wishing protests because the raise protests over the raising of the bookstore prices protests over Dow Chemical Company who they were the makers of napalm And they would come to campus to Rick 00.

37.

41 STUDENT.

So there were lots of protests over that Students protesting over and my use involvements in certain with certain bank banking industries That were accused of prolonging segregation in the south.

The things were happening I’m going to quickly rapid have because I’ve gone over The Basically you know in sort of in conclusion stream.

Protest really helps effectively to pressure and urge, certainly the government to take certain important actions like ending the war, because it was so unpopular or to some extent helping slowly achieve some sort of social justice, and I think some of that reverberation can be seen in 00.

38 28 Student aid programs such as well, which are now known as Pell grants those came into being in the early seventy’s, Title nine and the equal opportunity Education Act, which prohibits sex discrimination so that some of the B is fundamental programs really had their Beginnings at this particular period, 00, 38, 53 Anyway, and they were happy because I got over my time Thanks.

Ok, I’m going to go against the tide here and not a duck And more specifically, I think, upon and Amy have both done a great job of painting, soon activism, on campus and historical context, but my story is going to really focus on the one Particular moment 00 39, 32, Specifically, obviously, because I was involved with it and that was in the early two thousand And eleven.

You know studies movement on campus, so I came to N Y. U, in one thousand nine hundred nine as an eager super excited, freshman and right away.

My focus was like most freshman on the social life and on party 00, 39.

55.

I became very actively involved on campus with serving on the executive board and then also with it.

Until I came In the following year, most soccer year I became a mother of a firewall for which is a Latino paternity.

So you have this existing within the paternity And then in my junior year, 00.

40.

18.

I think it was maybe the second week of class, It was September, eleventh, two thousand and one and fundamentally On campus and throughout the world.

Things shifted In ways that we could not have expected or anticipated. I tell a story really to give you the context of why I honestly I was talking I want about this before I came up here.

Why I kind of sort of feel, like I’m a poser and talking to you guys and I I was an accidental student activists, my evolution – I guess happened: 00, 40, 58, Really in two thousand and one In my first two years on campus.

I had really embraced my Latino heritage.

I had spent a lot of time studying and going home and talking to my parents and learning about their experiences, both back in the Dominican Republic and the Dominican Republic, where they were their own student activist.

As I came to learn 00 41, 26 And then their experiences here in the States and what it triggered in me was this realisation that I was going home and having these really intimate conversations with with my family, with my parents, with my aunts, my uncles.

But there was no way for me to learn about that in a kind of structured setting and those wheels kind of started.

Turning 00 41 50, When I was literally handed, this is back in two thousand and one so e mail was the kind of a new thing for us.

I was handed a binder of research and information by the former head of Lucia And I remember she she she gave me this massive binder and said This is my baby, don’t let it die and I open it up, and it was all of the Research that she had compiled and all the arguments she had prepared for why this should be a Latino studies program at N Y.

U So I sat down and I flipped through it and combined of the conversations that I had with my parents – 00.

42. 31.

It all made sense, And so now it’s turned into well.

What do I do with it? How do I you know I organize? How do I protest like what does that even mean? What are you going to be breaking laws like? What do I do So? I did what i’m history majors.

I did what came actually mean and I started looking back and and 00 42 52 Reading through.

I was saying in the course of the time there was focus on student activism in the sixty’s in there in the civil rights movements or reading about Snick and about the other organizations organized on campuses throughout America.

And I realized that That was going to work and I kind of felt like 00, 43 14.

Their level of radicalism was a level of radicalism that we could never achieve, And so I said I got together with friends and On campus and created a plan that would work for our movement during our time, given our reality And It started off very slowly, they Started off at Legion meetings at it until at the meetings 00.

43.

43.

We through the fraternity. We had a think about ten, maybe fifteen guys on campus.

At the time we were involved in everything whether it was a Latino or not.

So we we were members of What was then that the the the Black Student Alliance was was the Filipino club on campus.

We were everywhere, 00, 44, 07, Most often in search of free pizza, but often it was to really engage and and have conversations and support.

One another, so you know it really resonated with me when one was saying that there’s this now these multi layers of schisms that are happening and divisions that are happening across the campus, because that wasn’t the case for me.

So when it came time for me to try to galvanize support behind this, it was easy enough for me to cash in on some of that social currency and say hey.

I think we need support.

We need your help.

We need your ideas.

00. 44.’- And you know over what was funny – was that, as we were doing this, there was definitely moments where I remember one in particular, where we were.

There was an anti war demonstration being planned And, coincidentally enough, we had already been planning to have some sort of demonstration in front of the College of Arts and Sciences right with which was at that time across street from the bookstore.

So it was going to be.

We expect a lot of foot traffic, 00, 45, 08 And hammer one of the students who I had never seen before and I never saw again came up and said you know Really should do who really want to get attention.

We should go inside and we should chain ourselves to the stairs and demand a response from the university administration, and I was the first one to say: whoa.

Ok, That’s awesome.

I’ve read about people like you, 00 45 31, But I don’t think that’s kind of who work just yet let’s see what happens when we try to talk, let’s just see And then on the day of the Demonstration, you know the Russians were news and they had A target and that’s when they took the photo that Mark eventual a friend in the archives.

I didn’t even know that I was in the archives, 00, 45, 53 And led him to reach out to me.

What I also didn’t know was that at the same time there was a movement happening within the faculty to create a Latino studies program and we were working toward the same goal.

But we didn’t know that the other one existed and so after that picture got published and it became it was in the front pages. Like the bottom half of the front page 00.

46.

20.

We got contacted by the professors who were pushing the same kind of movement internally.

So while our movement had been very much focused on trying to just get to the point where we could have a conversation with the administration and we had e mailed John Sexton, we had gone to the town halls that he was hosting.

We had spoken out.

We had had these demonstrations, the faculty was trying to do it by the book, 00, 46, 48 And what they were looking for.

What we were looking for was for someone to be able to structure a curriculum so that when we went to the administration you could say, hey it’s packaged all you need to do is green, like this, it’s ready to go and what the Faculty have been looking for was 00 47 03 Proof that there was popular support behind this, and so it really just turned out to be a moment of luck, pure and simple, where the timing worked out And coincided, and we were able to to unify and present This package to the administration – now it didn’t happen during my tenure here I graduated in all four, but since then you know it’s, slowly growing in terms of strength and terms of the department and the major.

Now that that’s offered on campus, so I guess really what I wanted to.

Let you guys know in that story. Is that so much of what happens when you’re, a student activist, happens organically 00.

47.

47.

You are of the moment right.

This is your experience.

This is your time on a campus.

I can’t compare myself to you, nor should you try to compare yourself to me the same mistake that I had made where I was trying to say, or when I was looking back to the sixty’s or to my parents were doing in the Seventy’s and realizing I can never measure up to that.

It doesn’t matter.

00.

48. 12.

What matters is that this is the moment that you have in front of you and whatever it is that’s driving you to say this needs to change whatever.

That issue is hold on to that, because that’s, what’s going to drive you? You may not feel like to me: it was we always compare ourselves to.

We have ourselves up to the standards of the young lord right, 00, 48, 32, And we can never measure up to that.

But that’s what we always thought that’s, what we always want to be those are the superheroes for us in terms of activism and the Black Panthers and Snick.

But none of that matters To me.

Latino studies is just such a small issue in terms of importance right 00, 48, 50, But it mattered And that’s what drove us that’s? What kept us going in those moments where we questioned ourselves, where we felt we were heading brick wall at the brick wall at the brick wall And that’s? What I encourage you guys hang on to.

Thank you.

Thank All of that.

Work worked out actually good. 00.

49.

14.

That’s a perfect, Perfect connection to what I wanted to talk about.

I had Originally When Mark out in touch with me.

He was like so we’d like you to bring some history the panel, because you know folks, are going to be really interested in the history and we feel like you can do that so that’s all done, I feel like I can just go Home now, 00 49 38.

But I’m here so I might as well hang And – and while I was listening to to the three of you, I There were a few things that that struck me until I’m going to talk a little bit about the sixty’s.

A little bit about two thousand and nine as well, but before I do, I just want to take a moment to say that it’s it’s actually really kind of cool that we’re meeting here, particularly today, 00 50 06, Because yesterday, at Northwestern University, They got an Asian American Studies, major after twenty one years of fighting for a twenty one year, struggle and no good idea For them or their cause, and it was a struggle that began with a hunger strike.

It was a stark struggle that began with the hunger strike in one nine hundred ninety five students.

I want to know hunger strike for twenty three days, and one of the thing that struck me about that hearing. That was that 00 50 41 Missouri last year also began with your story right.

The students on the football team at Missouri.

The way that they got engaged and involved was backing up and supporting a fellow student who had gone on a hunger strike, and I remember when that hunger strike started at Missouri, a lot of people and, frankly, myself included were like well.

This is a little much.

You know that’s kind of out there, it’s a little.

You know it’s like a OK, but that’s awkward and look what happened right.

You know it created an incredible amount of momentum.

00.

51.

22. So I want to talk a little bit about two thousand and nine, because you know again, I had prepared some other stuff, but I also I’m.

I’m a historian of student activism at CUNY.

I did my Ph D at CUNY and I was finishing up in two thousand and nine and I had just started my blog 00 51 46, And this is an indication of how far we’ve come in terms of the cultural, Sally and student protest.

When I started student activism that I was the only person writing on the web about student protests in the United States in any sort of a consistent way – and now everybody is talking about it, so that you know it’s.

00.

52.

06.

My job is very different than it used to, because I used to be.

The guy was like writing about that stuff that nobody else was talking about and now, like everybody is paying attention to what’s going on on the campuses and that connects up a lot with with what happened in two thousand and nine, because I you know, I had started the blog fairly recently and I wrote about it a little bit and, as you said a moment ago, they didn’t really have a huge amount of success.

They they were rousted, they were thrown out. There were arrests, 00, 52, 41, But this was at exactly the same time That students were beginning to take over buildings across California in the U C system and they encountered state.

It was around the same time that there were beginning to be very serious protests at the New School here in New York City and 00 53 04.

It is also we should remember two years before Occupy Wall Street Before Occupy Wall Street.

There was Occupy California and occupy California, was on the? U C.

In cow States, down can’t campuses and at the same time as we had occupied California, we also had an occupation and then why you, which was building on what was going on in California, building on what was going on in Britain at the time there Was a wave of student occupations happening there, 00, 53, 35 And one of the things that’s really striking about this one were thinking about the sixty’s and thinking about how I feel I was on campus in the ninety’s and we didn’t think that we could ever measure up, But folks saw that in the sixty’s as well.

I I found, while I was doing my dissertation research, an amazing letter in one of the archives – 00 53 59 That was written in the spring of one.

Nine hundred sixty four And there were a lot of moment to walk there, but they were, they were intense there weren’t many of them, but they were really committed student activists in the late.

Fifty’s and early one nine hundred sixty S 00.

54.

15, pushing really hard for student power for civil rights and all this stuff and the big peace movement and the nuclear movement as well, and there was this letter that one of them wrote in the spring of one nine hundred sixty four basically saying I give up You know the students are never going to rise up. We had the lunch counter sit ins in one nine hundred sixty and that was cool.

And then we had a bunch of you know free speech stuff in one thousand, nine hundred sixty one, and that was awesome, and then we had a bunch of anti nuclear protests in one nine hundred sixty two, and that was great, but they all died.

Nothing has carried over and I’m just done.

I’m burned now: 00, 54, 57 And weeks literally weeks after you wrote that letter Freedom Summer started in the south And many of the students who came back from Freedom Summer and had a summer of being radicalized and in organize and trained in organizing.

They came back and helped start the Free Speech Movement in Berkeley and then in one thousand nine hundred five.

We had the escalation of the war in Vietnam, 00, 55, 22 And suddenly, just as in two thousand and fifteen.

Exactly fifty years ago, Everybody was paying attention to student protests, everybody was interested And one of the things that really struck me when you were speaking Amy is that the N Y – U S D S chapter – was started in one thousand: nine hundred five 00, 55, 43 And when S D S leaders would go around the country trying to drum up support.

They had a list of all of their chapters and they would go around to campuses where they had chapters and check in with them and go around the campuses where they didn’t have to chapters and check in there and in sixty five and sixty six.

What would happen over and over again is they would get to a campus and they would be like All right.

So who are the activists we want to? You know get you started on starting an S D, S Chapter 00, 56, 12 And the folks. They would talk to would be like well, you know you should probably talk to Bill and Ruth because there are S, T S crafter chairs.

What happened was that students were seeing this on television, they were reading about it in the newspaper and they were taking matters into their room, hands.

00.

56.

30.

They were S the without even having any connection destiny.

Yes, S.

T’s was an image to them.

It was a model, it was a vision and it was a vision that they took up for themselves and in one thousand nine hundred sixty six.

There was an extraordinary thing where all of these students, who basically did what campus radicals had been doing for a very long time, which is when the student government elections rolled around in the spring. They would run for student body president as a protest right to protest against the student government.’s weakness to get into the debates and be able to talk about stuff and like most of them, one 00.

57.

12, Because everybody was excited about student protest.

Everybody thought this was the moment.

Everybody thought that this was the time And the organization that I wrote about in my dissertation, the National Student Association was an organization of student governments And in the at their annual meeting in the summer of one thousand, sixty six.

These people all just sort of got together and they were like, OK.

Well, what the hell do.

We do now 00 57 38 Because they weren’t running to win, But they were put into power because the students believe in the student movement at that moment And what we’re seeing right now, I think, is something very very similar.

I think we are seeing that student protest is spreading and swelling beyond anybody:’s ability to direct it or control it.

We are seeing protests happening on campuses that have not seen student protest in decades. We are seeing organizing and activism happening on a scale far beyond what we’ve, seen at traditionally organized campuses, and we are beginning to see a much more sophisticated analysis of campus power.

00.

58.

24.

I think that’s, something that we’re seeing very very clearly here at N Y.

U right now right! People are understanding! N Y.

U, as an institution as an institution with incredible financial power, with incredible cultural and political power and an institution that has levers that can be work, that it’s, not just about protests.

It’s about getting yourself a piece of the pie and a piece of the power 00 58 55 And I’ll just close damn it I want to over.

I did the whole thing, so I wouldn’t go over, But I will close with this.

You know Mickey said that I wrote it down there. Level of radicalism was a level of radical that we could never radicalism that we could never achieve.

Speaking of the students of the one nine hundred sixty well every every fall.

There is a survey done of a American college first year, students and they’ve – been 00 59 23 Doing it.

Since one thousand nine hundred sixty three about what they believe about various things, what their values are all of this stuff – And I got a call from the Chronicle of Higher Education about a week ago, because the the new survey was about to come out and it Showed a fifty percent rise in one year in the number of first year, students at American colleges and universities who expected to participate in campus activism and student protest.

00 59 51.

It jumped by fifty percent in one year and it jumped among all characters of classes of of college and all racial groups By almost exactly the same amount.

It’s blowing up right now and here’s.

The coolest thing about that statistic: They’ve been keeping these figures since one thousand nine hundred sixty three the number of first year, students who said they expected to participate in student protests this year is higher than it has ever been, including in the late one.

Nine hundred sixty 01, 00, 25, So those of y 39, all who are student organizers.

This is going to be a fun year. You’re going to have fun and you’re going to do some stuff and be aware that you can go farter farther And reach higher than you would have thought you were able to do a year or two ago, because your time is right.

01.

00.

46.

Thank YOU.

Thank YOU.

Thank YOU.

Thank YOU.

Thank YOU.

So Much to see We are the organization, the only organization on any and where you can piss focused exclusively on the experiences of Korean trans people of color. I do have to put this in here.

Otherwise, some of my colleagues and members in the crowd will 01 01 14.

Not the microphone from the short is going to be.

Some of my colleagues in the crowd will probably have some words for me.

If I don’t say this, so we’re also hosting the Northeast Korean trans people, color conference April, first or second registered and then OK.

So right we were founded in two thousand and five by Frank Roberts who is currently on faculty and you Galton, 01, 01, 40 And Frank founded chains as a space.

Your career, your trends, you’re of color.

You come in you chill with Frank or whoever shows up that day and you feel a burden lifted off of you.

Since two thousand and five shades taken various forms and the last year, we fundamentally revamped what we were doing: 01 02 08 And created a mission statement for the first time in history of shades.

So Paula, And basically our mission as we’ve decided, is that we are the home base for our people where they go when they need anything everything or nothing at all. When I entered N Y – U Into the fall of twenty fourteen, she described to a traditional hierarchy model.

There were officers like President Secretary 01, 02,’Treasurer events chair.

I was supposed to be treasurer despite the fact that I can add and make sure that receipts were processed on time, and I don’t know that we’ve managed to plan well for the entire semester, with a budget of about three hundred fifty dollars.

So that was one thing and as we revamped our mission and redefined who we are and what we are, we shifted our model 01 03 07 To become a horizontal core team, And this basically does away with the idea of higher fee, which is fundamentally – and I Thought it will to our identity, the square entranced people of color, And we have only one title among the core team, which is thought leader.

This new structure offers us the extraordinary flexibility to practice equity in our own existence and as a collective.

So you give what you can as you can and you get back the same.

This also means that no one person is the single expert on any task that the organization does or any project that we undertake Granted there’s, one of us who’s a very possessive over budgeting and paperwork, and he’s.

Welcome to it, but generally we all can do every task or part of the core team, and we all know that about each other, which introduces a whole new level of respect and camaraderie, regardless of our personal differences.

01.

04. 08.

From that shift in structure, we gain the ability to really redefine the work that we do so there’s the collective work that we do, which is this idea of organizing that we’ve, also redefined so, rather than being organizing a against an outward force, We’re organizing, has an internal force.

We provide emotional and intellectual to support for each other.

01.

04.

31.

We go into identity exploration of our own identities of each other’s identities.

There’s a few of us now who are exploring the preclinical gender identities, especially located in Nigeria and Africa, and I’m sorry Nigerian India, because that’s me We’ve gone into.

What making culture looks like and represents 01.

04. 54.

We get to be all about ourselves and we’re also challenging our own internalized oppression being who we are at this particular space involves a lot of interrogating How we hold ourselves as we go through our world.

So do we get to Say our pronouns as we need to do? We get to 01 05.

19.

Trust that the clothes we put on in the morning represent who we are.

Do we get to trust that we’re buying this make up? For this reason, and not because it makes us look a little bit later, All of this leads to a different outcome for each of our members, which is the idea of agency, rather than joining shades to 01 05 44.

Resist what and where you structure is still us about ourselves.

People join shades and gain the agency to choose what causes they’re going to engage in For each of us.

There are so many different identities.

Intersecting within our bodies. Intersecting in our history is that I don’t even know how we would begin to tackle in any way that wasn’t unfair to somebody all of the things that we’re up against.

So, with this model shades members can choose to organize around disability injustice at N Y.

U they can choose to sit down with 01 06 24 Reza life folks and talk about gender preferences when for incoming first years or what gender neutral locker rooms might look like at the new Kohl’s, What undocumented rights or undocumented immigrant rights look like because We’re all coming from these different stories and we can’t dictate who gets what attention, because that’s, just not what we’re about.

It also opens the door for students to engage equitably.

You’re not obligated to show up for this protest about this thing that maybe mean something to you.

If that’s, not what your life allows for right now and it also changes the idea of like the pushback on culture and the climate of N Y.

U There’s a lot of pushback against policies, but that doesn’t necessarily reflect what happened.

The student body – and we all know that you’re not supposed to say 01 07 16 Homophobic and transfer big things in the classroom, but that doesn’t stop professors from assigning cold interviews where you’re supposed to write down and share with the Class, what the sexual orientation of the person sitting across from you is, And so rather than Shrinking in when these things happen.

What she does about is giving each of us the ability to keep looking at the people who are doing these things.

01. 07 42, Which changes whether they’re going to do it In general.

The university response to US has been Fun.

We are as an organization overwhelmingly invisible due to safety concerns.

We cannot become an all Square Club which requires that we hold events that are open to the entire university population, which inevitably elts our members 01 08 10, Which therefore means we don’t get money.

Students of ours have had their housing grants threatened because they have requested Gender sensitive housing.

Students of ours have been removed from classes for asking that their pronouns be respected.

We’ve had education, students come into meetings, and this was before we decided to close them completely to study us as people in a closed meeting saying that 01 08 47.

It would help them learn how to approach younger students when they’re and of color, and they would be taking notes Urban Urban students.

Thank you right.

That was the qualifying young urban students of color And yes, we’ve been there and I’ve been friends with legal action, and I mean that was a big day. So, as I’m concerned, 01, 09, 16 And I was threatened of legal action because I said this, throwing around the words, diversity and inclusion will not dismantle your white supremacy, which way to purposely we’re all familiar with the term help, But it also Manifests in the ways that gender and sexuality are policed, on campus, through simple things like bathroom access, like 01 09 41, Whether you as a gender care person, are housed with a cyst man as a first year.

There’s this amazing article actually on a Model View culture by a person named Cairo about how to uphold white supremacy by focusing on diversity and inclusion.

It’s actually an old article, but I hadn’t read it until after 01, 10.

02.

Our listening session – And it takes this incredibly complex argument and employers – look down to something beautifully fundamental, which is that diversity and inclusion are trademark words exactly like post, racial And colorblind and gay is great, And if it spouts nonsense, like that, it’s from the People who will intentionally say all lives matter, 01, 10, 32 And At baseline diversity and inclusion are not about justice or equity which one mentioned before, and that there are not even at its most rudimentary definitions about student services.

They’re about just slightly shifting the structure of power so that a few people can also grab onto what is an institutional power base.

01 10 54 Leaving most of the marginalized now inside the sphere.

Looking up at a few people who have the power and leaving an entire other core of marginalized people still outside, but now termed left behind.

So There is this term in psychology and I’m a psychologist, and you can judge me for that as much as you want.

01 11 19 Called the risky shift and What I want from N Y – U and pipe dream is based on this concept of the risky shift and the risky shift as this manifestation of this idea of polarization, where you put a like minded group together to discuss A decision – and they decide on something far more extreme than anything any individual – would have decided on by themselves. 01.

11.

44.

Now traditional psychology will tell you that this is an awful thing.

It’s terrible it’s leads to catastrophes that led to the Bay of Pigs and yes, yes, it did, but that was one straight white men were doing it, so I want to see not a risk to shift but a radical shift.

We are a tier one, research university and we don’t experiment with our own structure.

We don’t try new things.

We don’t creatively solve our own problems.

01.

12. 13.

So the radical shift that I want to see is social justice warriors and robes and Mages For those of you who are doing the fans Not just outside of the ministry but within the administration Pushing this idea of justice setting policy for Ethical Treatment of students, because The idea of student activism by itself is inherently unethical, not because students, shouldn’t be activists or that we shouldn’t be protesting injustice, but because, as students, we are paying to be here and the idea that any of us has to pay to fight.

For our own survival in a space 01 12 52 Is, I can’t, find words for it beyond immoral, And Personally I ascribe to a philosophy of agitation I like to make people flinch.

I like to scare the crap out of them, But I don’t think that Continued agitation or even continued student labor students, what blood and tears as Mark was saying earlier, is going to fix anything here.

01.

13.

26.

I think that we need to be thinking critically about principles of equity, which say that we get out what we put in its students already putting in its what appears mental health, the financial equivalent of a kidney.

It’s, maybe time for the folks who have just moved.

Two million dollars renovated penthouses to sweat a little in the name of human dignity. 01.

13.

51.

Thank YOU.

Thank YOU.

Thank YOU.

Thank you to everyone, and now is the time we’ll move into the panel portion and have a chance for people to to to speak a little bit more, to learn to have questions, comments and so forth.

So there would be much Mark asked me to make maybe a couple of observations after because I guess one of the moderators was to do, but things were covered.

I think so comprehensively that I don’t think I would having particularly 01 14 27.

You know Kind of worthwhile to add, but I’m going to try anyways and a couple things that I would say is that it’s good for us. To always remember.

I know we do that when we see students – And it revokes some of the names like S – D S – Young Lords, 01, 14, 50 Snick – They were exclusively students, they were young people, because if you’re from a poor working class neighborhood like myself, most of The people you know and grew up with, Do not going to college and come out of college students in a college environment I was.

I was actually in my wife knows this.

I’m the only one in my city, my social network.

She’s gone back home with me and she’s met all my friends.

I was the only one who actually did go to college, and so when we talk about students, we want to make sure that that, in this movement, 01 15 19 Fully in this movement and who certainly have every bit as much of a stake in this movement Are people who would be classified quote unquote as students at the age of eighteen, nineteen, twenty years old or whatever, whatever age you want to, we want to identify as a as a student age was a whole nother, problematic issue that I fight all the time.

01.

15.

38: Around what age? You know people fall within student category right so that’s one thing, and I know we were aware of that, but I but I, but I always say things just because we say them, and the other thing I would just mention is that one of the Places where I know when I was here, I ran into the most controversial risks was around the international, because this was in fact undersexed and 01.

16. 00 Absolutely unabashedly.

The priority of this institution was going global right and all the things we’ve talked about here.

Around justice around equity.

Around Rights applies, it least as much to everything we do as an institution globally right, because what we don’t want to do is be, in any sense, be part of something that’s colonial.

You know that’s, part of this part of 01.

16 25.

This is this replication of what much of this country has done to begin with on a large scale right, so you know that’s that’s something that’s been particularly in way you that you know, as we all know, we’re, going To be very mindful of because, regardless the fact is, a new president pain power.

There’s going to be a very, very strong legacy to the board of trustees and so forth to still move forward globally, which by no means am, I opposed to, because that’s the world we live in and certainly as an Indigenous person.

It’s an it’s, a global identity to be indigenous, but just for us to always remind ourselves that everything we’re talking about today is going to apply to everything we do.

You know on a global global level as well Jim in the front, when I get rolling it’s, we’re all part of the groups of anybody who’s. Part of the panel wants to get things rolling a little bit come in, and somebody else is remarks, 01, 17, 19, And so as I was mentioning about education about kind of like holding, give initiation Kind of like By your fist.

It was actually interesting because at the university taskforce on diversity and inclusion At the very first meeting that started with that, they howled and complicating it very dramatically.

Little speech 01.

17.

43.

But there was a question section rank, so you could some we, as the members of the task force, could have some medic questions, so one of the questions were very casual things like have you worked with this before, like I how What’s your experience, but They were saying inclusion, whatever 01 17 57, But I went and, like I posted a whole, like half page question like Who is going to replace people who are graduating, are we as a student, going to have the right to a place ourselves? What’s the timeline it like? Are you planning like? Do we have the authority to respond to have the board of trustees for the list at the man’s sort of support, so the day came when ever the first meeting happened and he swerved my question police believe he was like.

Ok So question one question two question: five and six like you so after he answer the questions he was like, Do you have? Does anyone have any Anyone else? Have any questions like those were all the questions? I would see you and then I raise my hand.

I’m, like actually President, how and those were not all the questions you received and I’d, like you to answer my questions or your question three and four.

So it was like God, 01 18, 45 And he responded like well.

You know, I think this is the cost or says responsibility and well. The task force can decide who replaces the students and the task force, has the task force And that’s, basically it and it was difficult and it was hard, but that’s the Administration for you, 01, 19, 04, Now to help out Actually that well Actually the question mostly directed at you, but I guess it’s open.

I have to clear parents, and I feel like something that I really took to heart growing up was this idea that people who are not familiar with the community are a community of activism.

I grew up in northern Idaho, 01.

19.

31.

Should it’s, like it’s very important to share that with them, And I found like I would.

I was really positively affected by being able to kind of open up this world.

That was pretty unique in northern.

I know, and I know you said you closed your meetings And I’m wondering how you would recommend creating spaces where people can learn in a way that’s not in any way like animal izing or like 01, 20.

00, Demeaning to activists I’m, asking specifically in a context of people, but I think of any kind of activists, especially those who identify very strongly. You have personal skin in the activism game, Great question and I really want to say I’m sorry for I hope, but that’s also because I’m from New Jersey and so every state I’m, just at war with 01 20 29.

I think this is something that I personally struggle with a lot, and I have long extended conversations late at night and we all know about well.

How are we going to change anything if we are protecting ourselves so much that we can’t talk to people, And I will say that 01 20 52 Lately.

What I have really been going for is the idea that, given how much social media has like fundamentally changed the game of activism, that sent people to Tumblr – and it sounds like a pat answer, but there are – Or You know like these – that long extended beautifully sighted Wing Ses laying out people’s personal experiences, 01 21 21, Laying out like some brief summaries of like theory and critical race theory in ways that are fun and graphic and usually involve cats.

And you know all these other things that make it so much more accessible, but also communicate the critical information In a way that doesn’t threaten someone’s existence either the person teaching or the person learning 01.

21.

51.

I’d probably should be doing more thinking about the way the digital media Mediates that relationship where it’s no longer face to face and how that alleviate stress on both people except then there is Facebook and people getting into comment wars and it just Doesn’t make sense, But I think step one would be 01 22, 15 Sourcing out like two or three Tumblr codes that break it down very clearly and concisely and sharing those widely For our.

I think it’s.

A clarifying point that I should make about our meetings being closed is also that we are a combination of people who are out and not out of all of their identities. So the idea that, by coming into observing that, as you said, very animalistic way, 01 22 44.

You can also write in someone’s, security within their social sphere or their academics here or even with their family.

That was very much one of the things that we really know.

We’re locked in stone, But in terms of education Yeah, I think Digital media, social, media and Tumblr essays and cat graphics are 01 23 10.

The way to go – and actually I’m – see Matt Stone work for them, so this is totally biased, Has a Tumblr that is essentially all of the sources without as much of the colorful commentary that often gets there and when people go in on a topic, But all of the information is there, so yes, the race, and that somebody come on really get the websites 01.

23 39.

Just to piggyback on that just a little bit two things, One is that I was at a conference a few weeks ago, that was students and faculty and administrators talking about social change in the campus, which was fascinating to me, because I usually only talk to students And I’m.

One of the questions I got asked when I spoke was about faculty and administrators following student activists on Twitter and on Facebook, and that kind of stuff and and my response is basically no don’t do that – that’s gross 01 24 09.

But what I did say is you should be reading the same people that the student activists or you should be.

You should be engaging with the materials that they are engaging in because, exactly as you said, the we now have the ability to learn this stuff for ourselves and to to educate ourselves and then the next step above. That is that I think that those of us who are 01 24 34, Not members of communities that have to deal with this in in an oppressive way every day.

We need to start setting something up a bit more and we need to be Not just doing the sort of padding on the back ourselves on the back stuff and being a good ally in our, and I also meant Wow.

I’m going to shame you because you’re not quite as well, because I am 01 24 55.

But beyond that, we need to be doing the real serious work we can’t be.

We can’t speak about the experience Of of oppression.

If we’re, not a member of an oppressed community by, We can speak to the experiences of living in a society that is organized around system of oppression right, because racism is not something that people of color do and something the white people do.

Sexism is not something that women do and something that men do, and so, as a man, then there is a white person.

I have a little bit of experience with sexism and racism and I believe that we all have a role to play in fighting these bigotry and the one other piece of that is that it is scary to do because you’re going to it up.

You’re going to be gross.

You’re going to do stuff. That is wrong and yucky, but the thing is you’re not going to die that’s not going to kill you 01 25.

56 Dying of embarrassment is not actually a real thing, And One of the things that I think that you know comes up a lot on in these kinds of discussions is The one thing that any of us, whatever our position, is.

If we want to be an effective activist is a willingness to be wrong: 01, 26, 19, And it really is to make mistakes in public and to be held accountable for, And so I think, building the of these communities of people is in the as a crucial Part of that Hello, everyone, I’m, joining a bit late Sipar joins, but my name is Christian.

I do question for David really for everyone regarding the the university response you mentioned and how you have been kind of antagonized.

From what I hear.

I’m interested in what the future of your kind of response to the university will be.

I mean, if any of your experiences or any best practices for working with you know the administration or people in authority position and how that can be changed and kind of work to specially, as you encounter negative response.

01.

27.

05, So That Some of our response to university antagonism has been putting names on I’m, going to be the social media person and putting names on social media And putting incidents out there. So X, Y and Z incident person said this administration response was.

We have lawyers, this was the administrator.

This was the time this was the location, 01 27 35, Which led to the resignation of eighteen, So that’s one option in general change as an organization, but the things that happen from the university who are simultaneously happening to individuals and happening to us.

As a collective, so we responded to the individual as a collective, So we’re rallying around what the individual wants.

So if that person wants to file a complaint – and you know follow it through all the way – one hundred percent behind that, if that person wants to be like you know – I don’t forget it’s ever happened.

I got it off my chest, like I,’m, going to go.

Take my test now, one hundred percent behind that, if three weeks later they say I’m really still struggling with this one hundred percent.

Behind that 01.

28.

23 In general, we don’t as an organization interact with the ministration. Different individuals are on different Committees.

We’ve got folks who are on the women’s history month, planning committee, I’m a member of the student versity advisory board.

So I sit around with a bunch of other students are like let’s change the University 01.

28.

47.

There’s right where We were.

We, we actually joined, B B C.

I think, like the first week of November and called the meeting to create a list of demands the very next week, So in general, we work in the background Both with our own people and with other organisations and other priorities.

01.

29. 14.

For those particular university responses, I don’t think that there’s Any particular Shayne’s only university response That really it’s, OK To build up on the outside.

To know where you are is, why hold the most wild and when you run it’s a bit like a mafia? To be honest, so, for example, the right of the we didn’t know no one was told that they resigned until I had lunch with them.

01.

29.

50 – And I brought this up like you – need to do something about this.

Now it was like my god that’s so horrible that that happened a few days ago.

Coincidentally, she was I had yesterday and what Looked, And that was why that was absolutely wild, Because it just you know that just goes to show you really don’t know who has eyes and ears and if you’re in a room.

01.

30. 15.

For example, it can, but I call that me having to write misread of your imaginings or it being reported on it goes.

But the reality is, there is a best practices when dealing with the situation, because not every minister has the same kind of administrator And there’s a ministers were down with you know what happens: 01.

30.

32.

They’ll have real frank, honest, brutal conversation with you that will tell you the underbelly of this university.

They’ll either be like yeah.

I’m telling you this, because I want to tell you this: our character know almost Or they’ll say this is strictly confidential and you can’t tell anyone.

I told you 01, 30 50 Right because the degree of legality is well obviously, and there’s administrators.

Who will pretend to be your friend actually throwing the boss at a later date. And then there’s university administrators.

That just simply do not want to speak with you.

They don’t want to see you they want to hear about.

You hear your name see your face like if you exist that’s a problem for them: 01, 31, 12, And that’s really heading where you start.

You always have to find someone.

So I just had a quick question.

I said I think it’s, interesting that the panel is allowing us to see before and after almost – And I did so and so multipart question.

What did you graduate 01 31 35 And I Did you, did you come in? When did you start working at Luton And both recruiting, So we have A good with look at You.

How do you feel, like I don’t, know if you were able to speak to him about how you started something so Kind of wanting a little bit of closure, but you started the story concerns or you started 01 32 03 To try to get.

You know study from you and Speaking with him or just knowing I have now do you feel like you,’ve got some I with that and if you can such on any kind of legacy, bad back kind of movement started and that you’re dealing With now and 01 32 21 – You Know, I think, The very First question that The story is what are your majors on Latino studies and religious studies? So, yes, the movement was successful To To yet to to put it like quickly – and I say the movement was successful in terms of the like to see that we left behind like I, we because it was really it was a large group of us. I don’t think that we ever saw what we were doing as being part of the legacy, your being part of the movement.

01.

33.

08.

I still kind of Cringe at it a little bit when they’re.

Very it comes up in conversation so to hear myself being referred to as a as the leader of this thing, because it was there just wasn’t that to us at that time I don’t think we saw what we were doing as momentous.

It was, it was a culmination of years and years of other students working hard and trying to knock down walls and trying to knock on doors.

And as I mentioned, there was the fact that we were able to find 01 33 46 Quality faculty members who we could trust That were able to either open the doors for us to have these meetings.

Who were there for us to say You know off the record? Maybe you should say this or maybe you should restructure your argument in this way And That the combination of those two moments we weren’t aware of what we were doing to be totally out.

Like we weren’t aware, when we were standing in front of C A’s, and I was standing on top of one of your chair like this – and I was – I thought I could’ve sworn. I was in the foreground and I was in the end of my radical movement: 01.

34 28.

We didn’t know, But When I, when I hear about students like that by car or manger in there, you know it feels good And then to add on that.

So the theorem is a human.

It was a part of was fired out of the Oregon chapter of which he wasn’t.

He’s an alumni and then I’m president of the chapter, and then he was also involved in that, instead of the nothing on her thumb planning committee, of which I’m also chair, that he was involved in, of which I’m president.

So in terms of legacy we’ve been very successful and we’ve also died and nothing has died, which is kind of a top priority.

For me to make sure that I’m Filipino cops die because between in this interim, the May going to get healed.

The Mexican citizens nation club that guy that took a two year break from the university, disappeared off the face of the earth.

01. 35.

27.

Me and a group of friends a couple of Mexican servants who are friends of who are friends of mine.

It was like a Where’s the Mexican about like what happened to it and they found out it died and, like I told them like do.

Y’all want to work for it, let you can revive it and they chose to do so when I trained them all to be bored and Mexican citizens Asian for five and this year.

Actually, human American citizens reaction was revived by a grad student and in general, all that you know close who have died in recent memory are now revived again: 01, 35, 56.

So in terms of legacy that’s, because of I’ve, also had it just like as a psych know, If you’re dealing with a ministration or with faculty, and they mentioned one of two phrases one.

This is off the record or two.

I can’t be honest with you that you say you’re doing something right.

That means you’re, pushing against a wall correctly, and you were where you want to be in terms of your activism and your movements on campus, because unless you’re finding places work that makes people above you uncomfortable and fearful, 01. 36.

31.

Then what are you doing? This whole concept of the university being an institution that has caught you know, or I think that that lists The most important lesson that we learned along the way That, in order To to really confront our enemy, we had to meet him or her it.

On 01 36 57 Their ground And understand what was going to impact change and drive change from the inside out, And we didn’t have that insight.

We didn’t even have that mentality really until we met with what we actually started.

Our council of elders, Because we now it was eye opening to understand that this was happening at the same kind of movement.

It was happening inside of the university structure – 01 37, 30, And then we then had the guidance to avoid the common pitfalls and I want to live.

You know we didn’t trust it at first For so much for so long.

We had thought that we were going to me that every faculty member anyone who was in any way getting paid by N Y – U was an enemy, whether you know admitting it or not: 01 37, 54, And so there were issues of trust initially and also for The faculty or who are guiding us because they thought we were going to go out and you know, break windows and steal books and change ourselves.

There’s a you know it was. There was definitely a moment for the first few interactions where we had to learn one another.

We have to start trusting one another, but I will encourage you to really figure out what it is that that is impeding your progress and keep drilling keep drilling because at first it’s just for us.

For us it was like a faceless enemy right.

It’s N Y, U 01, 38 29, And then we figured out that the best way to get their attention Was to threaten their money and we structure all of our arguments in that kind of land of saying.

How can you claim to be this global institution that you’re educating the global leaders of tomorrow And they’re, not learning about an entire group of people that by two thousand and fifty will no longer be a minority in this country? 01.

39.

02, That was always the driving statistic for us by twenty.

Fifty Latinos will no longer be considered.

How can you be preparing the future leaders of this country or the global leaders of tomorrow, And you know sometimes you’re hard nosed about it other times you’re kind of light hearted, and we would mention other Ivy League schools that have the most Of these programs that say well, they do or are they better than you, 01’27, And we were kind of like I mean honestly backs how It really got started getting traction.

So it’s really on you to kind of drill down and then attack. It as soon as you find Us like that, which is That it’s not just the money but the reputation.

01.

39.

52.

So many of you Are aware of the story being Made early fall Of last.

It looked like to you to shoot every school of the arts university And publish His rejection letter right and and where you say name attached to it.

This blows up all over the Internet and everyone’s talking about it and all this he gets a long time letter welcome to to wish for so sorry about that mistake: 01, 40, 29 And that’s.

What I think that really represents like the crux of where you need to do or where and how pushing out something as large, an ephemeral and nebulous as and where you have to happen, because there isn’t anything binding any particularly any two schools or anywhere.

You together any administrators or department together, besides the name and why you so when you’re pushing you have to be pushing very publicly at that name.

It’s the only way to get the entire university to respond. 01.

41.

04.

Yes – and that was my point All along to make – is for the straight go – Is that whenever you talk to a department? Well, I have talked.

I’ve interviewed a couple of the older members there who remember the people to his program being made.

All of them insist that there wasn’t that much student involvement in the creation of things that were ground where it’s.

I’ve never taken this because I’m, like it’s, really my hat, which I mean it’s like I can see your lie here is up here.

You’re lying 01.

41.

36. It’s well to me, because that’s just the way situational memory works like the agencies, apartment doesn,’t have them or that it was interesting to talk about the things.

That is a part of this and have memory that it was Latinos.

And I bet you twenty years from now, the domestic program will not have ever that.

It was then made a bargain in the first row on campus that’s pushing for 01 41 55, That memory of N Y? U, the true memory is held on by students, not by faculty, not by ministration.

I have a mission, maybe but in general the main merit of N Y.

U is not held on.

Is it’s creative? It’s constructed by what you it’s.

The students who tell the truth, 01 42 15 Is, for example, always as the opposite of America.’s.

Human Services Latinos were added in Why I have been pushing for that since our inception, rather than seen such an avoidance as well coincidently that previous spring, the litter president Charles, will have died.

You have been part of Washington for a massacre. The official story is no.

This was a strictly a coincidence and the teams were meant to be out of all they need to since forever.

01.

42.

43.

In reality, there’s, no proof of that So actually just touched on this a little bit, but I know that we’re talking about these things in the context of and why you specifically, but I think that a lot of these feelings come up at All universities and I’m wondering for soon activists – and this is something that you do kind of as a consultant advisor helper.

01.

43.

17.

When we get wrapped up in things that we want to create change, and sometimes it feels like taking a step backwards or out of that fight to look at strategies for at you know like not actually looking at the cause at hand, but by learning from other People’s separate, causes and separate flights that they may have been successful at or not, and so I’m wondering in the process that you guys have been through and if this is something that you advise student activists on, if, if part of the process Of trying to create change at the university here is learning from students who were able to create change at other universities or the problems that they ran up against you describe and why you, as wild and kind of like a Mafia and 01 44 03. You know those are those are very fun and colorful, and, and probably you’re, not the only person to feel that way about their university.

So so I’m just kind of wondering you know how we create not just a network of the activists, but the kind of foundation of knowledge that future activists can work off of 01.

44.

28.

So As one of any measure we’re, both members of a charity and the charity structure is such that there’s, chapters across the country and different universities.

So we have existing relationships with students and different schools, and so during the Latino studies move it was easy.

You know it was easy for me to to reach out 01 44 49 To different networks and to find out about other organizations on other campuses and leverage Their experiences either successful or not, and learn from them to really be able and might like.

I said this: this is two thousand and three, so this is before the advent and rising popularity of social media.

So we are really relying on that archaic form of communication, call the phone call 01, 45, 16 And in person meetings To really get to know one another And to rely on one another for support for help.

The other strategy that I would advocate, along with you know, learning your enemy at home and other like Art of War. Stuff Is to always It’s, this issue of the social care, a currency that I thought I mentioned you have to be willing to support.

Others, so that, if you have a moment of need, you’ll have others that will be there to support you and it’s also being open to having a dialogue with people.

You may never have an opportunity to speak to 01.

46.

02.

I remember that for us each, but we try to identify who is going to be the most difficult group to identify with and to convince that.

We needed to do this and for us at the time, was the Young Republicans Club And so that’s exactly what we did.

01.

46 17.

We went with it, we met with them and we went to their meetings. They came to us and we had conversations and like and that’s when I finally got to hear questions like Latino studies, is that a thing ready now is Latin American studies or what’s the difference was like the you know what’s the Spanish and now you’re having a conversation, and now you’re able to explain it in a way that they can understand and when it comes time for showing support, they are there, and so now it doesn’t become this.

Is this thing that the Latino students want? This is a thing that all students, regardless of color, want because it’s beneficial for everyone.

01, 46.

58.

Just When I think Simon saw that I’m.

Not quite all there Is that institutions and in particular They’re, very siloed each school, and so you know Much better strategies, but things are nexus between and I think it’s a really good start, but just accepting the fact that everyone works within their 01, 47, 31 Silos And then social media in there – and you know It’s, you know for us to make history say you know that was the most effective way of doing it, so that was sort of the margin Here.’s.

What one of the leaders of the Columbia student uprising in one nine hundred sixty eight once said: 01.

47.

56, That it’s.

You know, activist. What you need to do is avoid the mistakes of the past so that you can go forward and make the mistakes of the future And and figuring out what mistakes have been made in the past is absolutely crucial, but I think – and I would also say that You know you’re now in a better position than ever before, to make connections across campus lines across national lines.

You know social media and all of that really allows a tremendous, No amount of cost the fertilization with that kind of stuff, but I also would say that another thing that popped into my head again from the sixty’s, 01 48 37 – Was one of the One of my favorite slogans for matter I was the issue – is not leadership By which is it, but they meant that that the thing that you may be most passionate about is not necessarily what you’re going to be able to organize around, or maybe not What you’re going to be able to organize around first 01 48 57.

One of the most crucial things to do with terms of developing a movement is, is figuring out where people are Had And what what what what they are looking to have happen, and also recognizing that what may seem like apathy is usually disenfranchised convincing people that they Can win 01 49 19 That the movement can make a difference in their lives? Is the first step to getting Zero zero zero zero? One of you fired up Your age rather mysterious.

Let me give you two out really just readers really just To know How to see it was my daughter,’s.

Her was my mentor and it’s most.

You know he was like what happens when you’re right.

He still calls 01.

49.

51.

Chancellor, the president was trying everybody fired and the reason he was fired is the students in the really hurt, and you see I have my own personal experience the times I was able to be a school because I always hear you when you do things. I was doing these students remember how the race, for me was 01, 50.

14, Just Because you were asked Ross Ross to work because they are our allies and please be sure you are not expecting that’s All Just the weekend, That a lot of things about that.

I think Rick.

What you’re, seeing there is very much this idea of community care like it’s, not just this student silo or this faculty salarymen East School, silo it’s.

Building this network, it’s both doing the work to sustain ourselves and to stain each other and 01 50 57 For the.

If you haven’t been trying to who wrote like this amazing piece about this concept of community care is resistant to self care, but all of our histories are very much predicated on the fact that we do community care.

We’re.

Not just you know this one person who’s going to go out, change the world and then you know, have a networks and 01 51 19 Nope don’t whether he was, But you know, like I just networks marathon day right like that.

That’s never been the history of any of our movements, regardless of what those movements are and so shifting again to this idea that if one of ours is in trouble, we’re all there and knowing that eventually, it will be paid back like it.’s not 01.

51 42. It’s not do for me.

Do you type of thing, but it’s.

If these are people, this is where we go.

Thank you so much.

Thank you.

.